The use of wood products and biofuels to substitute for fossil fuel–intensive nonwood products or fossil fuels directly reduces the oneway flow of fossil fuel carbon emissions to the atmosphere. The focus of this article is on characterizing the hierarchy of alternative uses of biomass that reduce global warming potential measured by greenhouse gas emissions and on characterizing the impact of liquid biomass fuels that can also directly reduce energy dependence. Follow this link to learn more: http://www.forestprod.org/assets/FPJ_articles_62_4/fpro-62-04-247.pdf